Max Frischs Stück Andorra beschäftigt sich mit gesellschaftlichen Rollenbildern und ihren Auswirkungen auf das Individuum.
>> Aufgabenstellungen zum Stück Andorra von Max Frisch als PDF
Max Frischs Stück Andorra beschäftigt sich mit gesellschaftlichen Rollenbildern und ihren Auswirkungen auf das Individuum.
>> Aufgabenstellungen zum Stück Andorra von Max Frisch als PDF
Slavoj Žižek; born 21 March 1949, is a Slovenian philosopher and cultural critic. He is a senior researcher at the Institute for Sociology and Philosophy, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Professor of German at New York University, and international director of the Birkbeck Institute for the Humanities in London. He writes widely on a diverse range of topics, including political theory, Marxism, film theory, cultural studies, theology, and psychoanalysis.
Žižek achieved international recognition as a social theorist after the 1989 publication of his first book in English, The Sublime Object of Ideology, which argued for ideology as an unconscious fantasy that structures reality. Žižek considers himself a political radical and critic of neoliberalism. Many hundreds of academics have addressed aspects of Žižek’s work in professional papers. In 2007, the International Journal of Žižek Studies was established for the discussion of his work.
“Freedom hurts”
The sunglasses discovered by John Nada in the Film „They live“ are functioning as „critique of ideology glasses“ that uncover the hidden messages behind the texts in newspapers or on billboards. On the dollar notes in the movie it reads: „This is your God“ Other phrases Nada can read while wearing the glasses are: “Obey, Consume, Marry and reproduce, No thought, Submit, Stay asleep”. The glasses allow Nada to see the hidden, invisible order which sustains our apparent freedom.
In our modern „post-ideological“ society we do no longer have the duty „sacrifice ourselves“ (for our fatherland), but we are asked to „Realize our true potentials“, we are asked to „Be yourself“ and „Lead a satisfying life“. According to our common sense we think that ideology is something that is imposed on us, that ideology functions like glasses which distort and confuse our straight „natural“ view and when we take off the glasses we can finally see the way things are really. Ideology is not simply imposed on us, Ideology is our spontaneous, „natural“ way of seeing and perceiving meaning in our world.
Even if we are well aware that we live in a lie, ideology is something we „enjoy“. This is why we are frightened to „step out of ideology“ in order to see the truth because this truth can be painful as it may shatter many of our illusions. Thus, to step out of ideology is a painful experience – “Freedom hurts”.
>> Link zu Prezi „The Russian Revolution 1917“
>> Link zu Prezi „Stalinism and the USSR“
>> Link zum Quiz über „Die Russische Revolution und die UdSSR“
>> Jacobin Radio Podcast: Suzi Weissmann – 100 Years Since October
Hier eine 5-minütige (!) Dokumentation, die sich mit Kritikpunkten an der Russischen Revolution auseinandersetzt und deren Titel „Busting the Scare Stories“ schon eindeutig Position bezieht:
Im folgenden eine Dokumentation über „Aufstieg und Fall“ des Revolutionärs Leo Trotzki, mit Schwerpunkt auf der russischen Revolution und die Entwicklung der Sowjetunion unter Stalin. Die Doku wurde vom Sender ARTE mitproduziert.
The same documentary produced by ARTE on Trotsky, the Russian Revolution and the USSR in English:
The February Fevolution took place in the context of heavy military setbacks during the First World War (1914–18), which left much of the Russian army in a state of mutiny. By February 1917, around 2.5 Million Russian soldiers had lost their lives on the battlefield, millions more were injured. Reports of fraternization between Russian and German soldiers circulated.
Workers, many of them women who had replaced male workers, went hungry, lacked shoes and clothes. For International Women’s Day (March 8th = February 23rd), workers went on strike in virtually every industrial enterprise in Petrograd and demonstrations were organized to demand bread. When Tsar Nicholas II ordered the army to suppress the demonstrations, troops began to mutiny and soldiers joined the workers‘ demonstrations.
Tsar Nicholas was forced to step down and the old regime was replaced by a provisional government with Ministers from liberal parties. Male and female workers and peasants as well as soldiers elected their own workers‘, peasants‘ and soldiers‘ councils, called “Soviets” in Russian. A period of dual power ensued, during which the provisional government held state power while the Soviets started arming workers‘ militias and Red Guards that, in many cities, replaced the old police force.
Although many soldiers were not willing to continue fighting in the war, the provisional government chose to continue the war on the side of the Entente. As a result, over the course of spring and summer 1917, public dissatisfaction with the government and the war grew.
The Bolsheviks, a radical, revolutionary faction of the Social Democratic Party, were campaigning for „Peace, Bread and Land“. When the leader of the Bolsheviks, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, arrived in Russia from his exile in Switzerland in April 1917, he called for turning over all power to the Soviets.
The moderate Social Democrats were opposed to overthrowing the provisional government. The moderate Social Democrats had held the majority in most Soviets in the beginning. But the support for the Bolsheviks in the workers‘ and soldiers‘ councils increased steadily.
By September 1917, the Bolsheviks were in the majority in the workers‘ and soldiers‘ councils in Petrograd and Moscow. In the country-side it was the Social-Revolutionary Party („Narodniki“) who had the most support from the peasants‘. Also, a growing number of Social-Revolutionaries joined sides with the Bolsheviks in their call for turning all power over to the Soviets.
On 7 November 1917 (= 25 October), Red Guard forces led by Leon Trotsky were successful in taking over government buildings and storming the Winter Palace, the seat of the Provisional government in Petrograd. As there were only few soldiers left who were willing to fight for the government, the take-over resulted in only a few casualties
The October Revolution ended the power of the Provisional Government. Power was taken over by the Congress of Workers‘, Soldiers‘, and Peasants‘ Deputies (= Soviets). The Congress passed a series of revolutionary decrees, starting with the decree on land, passed on 26 OctoberPro-Tsarist forces, supported by the governments of France, Great Britain, the U.S. and Japan, organized into the White Army and went to war against the Soviets‘ Red Army.
>>> Parteien der Weimarer Republik als PDF
>>> Hitlers Ziele und die Errichtung der Diktatur 1933 als PDF
>>> Link zu einem Video über die Geschichte des Rassismus
♀ Aufgabe der Schule: rassistische Ideologie verbreiten und die Schüler/innen auf einen neuen Krieg vorbereiten
♀ BDM: Bund Deutscher Mädel – ironisch auch: ´´Bald Deutsche Mutter´´
→ Ziel: Auf die zukünftige Mütterrolle vorbereiten
→ Uniformen waren Pflicht
♀ Während des zweiten Weltkriegs:
→ Frauen mit vielen Kindern wurden mit dem Mutterkreuz ausgezeichnet
→ Der Plan der Regierung, die Frauen auf die Rolle als Hausfrauen und ´´Gebärmaschinen´´ zu beschränken, konnte trotzdem nicht umgesetzt werden
→ Viele Männer waren als Soldaten im Krieg, also mussten Frauen auch ´´Männerberufe´´ – sie wurden allerdings schlechter bezahlt als die Männer